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SafePest.Org
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There are two main species of rats in our area. Roof rats have longer tails, thinner bodies, pointier noses and are often found higher in a building, such as ceilings or attics. Norway, or sewer rats, have shorter tails, blunter noses, blockier bodies, and often live in sub areas or tunnels in the ground. While they may have preferences, both species can and will nest in any area of the house. Rats can enter a building through a hole the size of a quarter. Rats urinate everywhere they go. Their urine is full of chemical signals for other rats. It says: I am dominate or submissive, male or female, stressed or relaxed, etc... If you have rats once - you will have them again of you do not find all the ways that they are getting in and plug them up. Rats will range several blocks in search of food. Cats actually improve the breed by catching the week, the sick, and the unwary.
There are two main groups of mouse species in our area. The house mouse which is found wherever people are found, and field mice. One type of field mouse, the white footed deer mouse is especially notorious, as it can carry the Hanta Virus. Mice like to live close to their food sources. Unlike rats, mice actually attracted to new things in their environment. It can be especially difficult to mouse proof homes due to the fact that mice can enter a home through a hole the size of a dime.
Squirrels will sometimes nest in sub areas, but are most often found in attics. They need larger holes, but they are quite adept at making there own. There are two common species of squirrels in our area. The native red squirrel is smaller and is often found in areas near green belts or undeveloped land. Gray squirrels are not native to the west and have displaced the much smaller red squirrel from most urban settings. Squirrels are considered wild life and you must have a special permit to trap them. You must also follow state guidelines for how you trap them. It is not legal to control squirrels with poison.
Squirrels and rats can carry fleas, and are a known disease vector for the plague. Although, this of course is not common. While there are a host of possible diseases carried by rodents, the most common health problem associated with them might be food poisoning. The white footed deer mouse is a known disease vector for the Hanta Virus. Just because you have mice does mean that you have deer mice, and if you do, it does not mean they are infected, but it is safest to assume that they are. If you have mice you should contact the CDC web site and research their information on the Hanta Virus. The Hanta Virus can be fatal and precautions should be taken.
There are tricks to trapping, the type of trap, the attractant used, and trap placement are all important. The most important thing to know about using poison though, is that poison baits can harm and even kill pets and children. It is vitally important that baits are placed in areas that children and pets cannot access. There are no baits that drive rodents to water. Rats drink about ten percent of their body weight every night. If they are poisoned they may curl up wherever they are nesting and try to sleep it off, or they may try to find water even though they are weak and disoriented. If they go out, they may die outside, if they stay inside, they may die somewhere inaccessible and cause an odor. Rodents are pack animals, there is never just one rodent. Rodents are prolific breeders. Even if you catch or kill one or two, it is safe to assume that there are more.
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